Women with a low body mass index before they become pregnant are also at a heightened risk of miscarriage. Research published in the International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology reported that underweight women were 72 percent more likely to suffer a miscarriage during their first 3 months of pregnancy, compared with women whose weight was healthy. It is crucial to check with a doctor which medications are safe to take during pregnancy. Medicines that should be avoided if possible while pregnant include:.
A meta-analysis published in the European Journal of Epidemiology combined data from 60 studies and concluded:. The World Health Organization WHO advises that women who consume more than milligrams mg of caffeine per day should reduce their intake. There are many misconceptions regarding miscarriage. However, some types of exercise would not be suitable for a woman who is 8 months pregnant.
If you are pregnant, ask your doctor which exercises are appropriate. Ultrasound scans: Transvaginal ultrasounds involve placing a small probe into the vagina to check for the heartbeat of the fetus. Some women may choose to undergo an external abdominal ultrasound instead to avoid discomfort.
Blood tests: These are useful because they can determine if levels of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin hCG and progesterone are normal — both of these hormones are associated with a healthy pregnancy. Read the article in Spanish. Researchers have shed light on the mechanisms by which smoking before and during pregnancy could raise a child's risk of cerebral palsy.
Many pregnant women wonder how much alcohol is safe to drink. Find out what a new study advises and why experts criticize the lack of good-quality…. A new law in Texas effectively bans abortions after the sixth week of pregnancy. What are the long-term implications for well-being and access to…. Miscarriage: What you need to know.
Medically reviewed by Karen Gill, M. Warning signs Types Treatment Causes Diagnosis Prevention A miscarriage is defined as the spontaneous loss of a fetus before it is viable, which in the United States is the 20th week of pregnancy. PCOS is known to be a leading cause of infertility as it can lower the production of eggs. There's some evidence to suggest it may also be linked to an increased risk of miscarriages in fertile women. Many women who have a miscarriage worry they'll have another if they get pregnant again.
But most miscarriages are a one-off event. Page last reviewed: 01 June Next review due: 01 June First trimester miscarriages First trimester miscarriages are often caused by problems with the chromosomes of the foetus. Chromosome problems Chromosomes are blocks of DNA.
Placental problems The placenta is the organ linking the mother's blood supply to her baby's. Things that increase your risk An early miscarriage may happen by chance. These include: diabetes if it's poorly controlled severe high blood pressure lupus kidney disease an overactive thyroid gland an underactive thyroid gland antiphospholipid syndrome APS Infections The following infections may also increase your risk: rubella german measles cytomegalovirus bacterial vaginosis HIV chlamydia gonorrhoea syphilis malaria Food poisoning Food poisoning , caused by eating contaminated food, can also increase the risk of miscarriage.
For example: listeriosis — most commonly found in unpasteurised dairy products, such as blue cheese toxoplasmosis — which can be caught by eating raw or undercooked infected meat salmonella — most often caused by eating raw or partly cooked eggs Read more about foods to avoid in pregnancy.
Medicines Medicines that increase your risk include: misoprostol — used for conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis retinoids — used for eczema and acne methotrexate — used for conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs NSAIDs — such as ibuprofen; these are used for pain and inflammation To be sure a medicine is safe in pregnancy, always check with your doctor, midwife or pharmacist before taking it.
Womb structure Problems and abnormalities with your womb can also lead to second trimester miscarriages. Possible problems include: non-cancerous growths in the womb called fibroids an abnormally shaped womb Weakened cervix In some cases, the muscles of the cervix neck of the womb are weaker than usual.
Misconceptions about miscarriage An increased risk of miscarriage is not linked to: a mother's emotional state during pregnancy, such as being stressed or depressed having a shock or fright during pregnancy exercise during pregnancy — but discuss with your GP or midwife what type and amount of exercise is suitable for you during pregnancy lifting or straining during pregnancy working during pregnancy — or work that involves sitting or standing for long periods having sex during pregnancy travelling by air eating spicy food Recurrent miscarriages Many women who have a miscarriage worry they'll have another if they get pregnant again.
Some research has found that certain antibodies present could be among the most common causes of recurrent miscarriages. Any woman who has had a recurrent miscarriage —greater than three spontaneous miscarriages—unexplained fetal death after 10 weeks, or a preterm birth before 34 weeks is recommended to be tested for anti-phospholipid syndrome. You cannot control whether you have these antibodies.
However, if they are present there are treatments available to reduce the risk of miscarriage and pregnancy loss. Other chronic illnesses that may be linked to recurrent miscarriages include heart disease, kidney disease, and liver disease. If you have a chronic illness, find an obstetrician experienced in caring for women with your condition. Even so, doctors advise optimizing your health before you conceive to give your pregnancy the best fighting chance.
Keep in mind, though, that even if you followed all of that advice, you may not be able to prevent miscarriage from happening to you. Did you know that maternal sleep deprivation, sedentary lifestyle and cooking smoke are risk factors for miscarriage.
What Causes Miscarriage to Happen? Save Pin FB More. Credit: Getty Images. Uterine fibroids can interfere with implantation or blood supply to the fetus. Some women are born with a septum, an uncommon uterine defect linked to miscarriage. Women may develop bands of scar tissue in the uterus from surgery or second-term abortions; this scar tissue can keep an egg from implanting properly and may hamper blood flow to the placenta.
Listeria , a bacteria that may be present in undercooked meats, raw eggs, and unpasteurized dairy products Maternal trauma, such as a car accident Certain medication Advanced maternal age over 35 Infections such as Lyme disease or Fifth disease Air pollution—A February study published in Fertility and Sterility found that increased short-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide correlated with a higher risk of miscarriage.
High fever above degrees during early pregnancy—A high core body temperature is most damaging to the embryo before 6 weeks. Comments 1. Sort by: Newest. Newest Oldest. Load More Comments. Close this dialog window Add a comment.
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